Glossary

Thioester

Glossary / Thioester
Chemistry

Thioester — A compound containing a sulfur-carbon double bond linkage, used as a reactive intermediate in native chemical ligation of peptide fragments.

Category
Chemistry
Glossary Section
T

What Is a Thioester?

A thioester is a chemical bond between a carbonyl group (C=O) and a sulfur atom (C(=O)-S-R). In peptide chemistry, thioesters are critical intermediates in native chemical ligation (NCL) and are also found in nature as the high-energy intermediates of non-ribosomal peptide synthesis and ubiquitin transfer.

Applications

  • NCL: C-terminal peptide thioesters react with N-terminal cysteine to form native peptide bonds
  • Expressed protein ligation (EPL): Intein-generated recombinant protein thioesters for semi-synthesis
  • CoA thioesters: Acetyl-CoA, malonyl-CoA are thioester-linked metabolic intermediates
  • Ubiquitin activation: E1 enzyme forms a thioester with ubiquitin's C-terminal glycine

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Thioester?

A compound containing a sulfur-carbon double bond linkage, used as a reactive intermediate in native chemical ligation of peptide fragments.

Why is Thioester important in peptide research?

Thioester is a fundamental concept in chemistry as it relates to peptide science. It directly influences experimental design, compound characterization, and the reliability of research outcomes across biochemistry and molecular biology disciplines.

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