Glossary

Detergent

Glossary / Detergent
Reagent

Detergent — An amphipathic molecule used to solubilize membrane proteins and peptides, disrupt cell membranes, and prevent non-specific binding in assays.

Category
Reagent
Glossary Section
D

What Is a Detergent?

A detergent (surfactant) is an amphiphilic molecule with a hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head that forms micelles above its critical micelle concentration. Detergents are used in peptide research to solubilize membrane-associated peptides, prevent surface adsorption, and lyse cells for peptide extraction.

Common Detergents

  • Tween 20/80: Non-ionic. 0.02-0.1% prevents peptide adsorption to plastic/glass. Used in ELISA wash buffer
  • Triton X-100: Non-ionic. Cell membrane solubilization for non-denaturing lysis
  • SDS: Anionic. Denaturing. SDS-PAGE sample preparation
  • CHAPS: Zwitterionic. Mild solubilization of membrane peptides/proteins

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Detergent?

An amphipathic molecule used to solubilize membrane proteins and peptides, disrupt cell membranes, and prevent non-specific binding in assays.

Why is Detergent important in peptide research?

Detergent is a fundamental concept in reagent as it relates to peptide science. It directly influences experimental design, compound characterization, and the reliability of research outcomes across biochemistry and molecular biology disciplines.

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