Carbamylation
Carbamylation — A non-enzymatic post-translational modification where isocyanic acid reacts with amino groups, a degradation pathway for peptides stored in urea-containing solutions.
What Is Carbamylation?
Carbamylation is the non-enzymatic reaction of isocyanic acid (from urea decomposition) with peptide amino groups, adding a carbamoyl group (+43 Da). Carbamylation is an artifact when urea-containing buffers are heated or stored for extended periods. It modifies Lys side chains and the N-terminus, causing charge changes and potential loss of bioactivity.
Prevention
- Fresh urea: Prepare urea solutions immediately before use. Never heat above 37°C
- Alternatives: Use guanidinium chloride instead of urea when heating is required
- Detection: +43 Da mass shift on Lys or N-terminus by MS
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Carbamylation?
A non-enzymatic post-translational modification where isocyanic acid reacts with amino groups, a degradation pathway for peptides stored in urea-containing solutions.
Why is Carbamylation important in peptide research?
Carbamylation is a fundamental concept in degradation as it relates to peptide science. It directly influences experimental design, compound characterization, and the reliability of research outcomes across biochemistry and molecular biology disciplines.